Beyond the Headlines
By Suzan Peter Mabuong
Women in Politics and Decision-Making in South Sudan
The participation of women in politics and decision-making is essential for building a fair and inclusive society. In South Sudan, women play a vital role in shaping communities, but their involvement in government remains limited. Increasing the participation of women in political spaces not only strengthens democracy but also ensures that policies reflect the needs of all citizens. Although there has been some progress, more work is needed to achieve gender equality in South Sudan’s political landscape.
Government actions to support women’s participation
The government of South Sudan has taken steps to promote the inclusion of women in politics. One of the most significant measures is the 35% gender quota established in the 2018 Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (R-ARCSS). This quota requires that 35% of political and public offices be allocated to women. The government has also encouraged women’s participation through initiatives led by the Ministry of Gender, Child, and Social Welfare.
Additionally, programs supported by international organizations provide training and mentorship for women seeking leadership positions. These efforts aim to equip women with the skills and knowledge needed to thrive in politics. However, while these steps are encouraging, the reality is that the 35% quota has not yet been fully achieved. There is a need for stronger political will to ensure that women are not just present but also empowered to make meaningful contributions.
The benefits of women’s involvement in government
When women participate in decision-making, the entire nation benefits. Women bring unique perspectives to governance, often focusing on social welfare, education, healthcare, and peacebuilding. Their inclusion leads to more balanced and comprehensive policies that serve diverse communities.
In South Sudan, women leaders have played critical roles in promoting peace and development. For instance, Hon. Rebecca Joshua Okwaci, a former Minister of Roads and Bridges, has been a strong advocate for infrastructure development and gender equality. Angelina Teny, the current Minister of Interior, is another example of a woman making a positive impact. She has focused on security reforms and has been a key voice for women’s rights.
Women in leadership also serve as role models for the next generation. Young girls and women are inspired to pursue education and leadership when they see other women succeeding in politics. Increasing the representation of women in government promotes social justice and ensures that the voices of half the population are heard.
Challenges to women’s participation in government
Despite these benefits, women in South Sudan face many challenges when entering politics. Cultural norms and traditional beliefs often discourage women from seeking leadership positions. In many communities, there is still a belief that politics is a man’s domain.
Adut Garang Deng Nyang, a prominent advocate for women’s rights, sheds light on the challenges women face in South Sudan. She states, “Women face a lack of support from the government, which hinders their progress and empowerment. At home, they are often undermined by their husbands, who fear women’s growing influence and strength. Additionally, some relative and the community plays a role in reinforcing these limitations, with many still holding the belief that a woman’s place is solely in the home. As a result, women are largely excluded from political participation, with little recognition of their importance in leadership roles.”
Women also face practical barriers such as a lack of financial resources and limited access to political networks. Campaigning requires significant funds and connections, which many women do not have. Furthermore, women in politics often experience discrimination and harassment, making it difficult to succeed in a male-dominated environment.
Another challenge is the implementation gap. Although the 35% quota is a positive policy, it has not been fully enforced. In many cases, women are appointed to less influential roles, limiting their ability to shape important decisions.
Voices from the diaspora and returnees
Educated women returning from the diaspora have a crucial role to play in addressing these challenges. Many returnees bring valuable experiences and skills that can help strengthen South Sudan’s institutions. However, integrating into the political landscape is not always easy.
Mangok Mangok Mayen, a PhD candidate and returnee, emphasizes the importance of including diaspora women in leadership. “Women who have lived abroad bring new ideas and perspectives that can drive progress. We need to create pathways for them to participate in decision-making,” he says.
Adeng Kuel Maluil Jok, a well-educated young woman living in the United States, shares a similar view. “South Sudan needs the voices of women, especially those who understand both local and international contexts. Women can help bridge gaps and foster cooperation,” she explains.
Other returnees echo these opinions. Many women from the diaspora are ready and willing to contribute to nation-building but require support and opportunities. Encouraging their involvement not only enriches the political space but also strengthens ties between South Sudan and its global community.
Moving forward: A call for greater inclusion
To build a more inclusive future, South Sudan must go beyond the 35% quota and work towards 50% representation for women. This requires political commitment and structural changes to ensure women can access leadership positions. It is not just about numbers; it is about recognizing the value that women bring to governance.
The government should prioritize implementing policies that promote gender equality. This includes enforcing the 35% quota, providing financial support for women candidates, and addressing gender-based violence in politics. Additionally, creating mentorship programs and leadership training for women can help prepare future leaders.
Educated women from the diaspora should also be welcomed and supported in political spaces. Their diverse knowledge and experiences can contribute to national development. By including these women, South Sudan can benefit from a broader range of ideas and solutions.
As South Sudan continues its journey toward peace and development, the inclusion of women in decision-making must remain a priority. Women have already demonstrated their ability to lead and drive positive change. It is time to break down the barriers that prevent their full participation.
A nation that empowers its women empowers its future. By embracing the talents and leadership of all its citizens, South Sudan can build a more just, peaceful, and prosperous society for generations to come.
Short biography:
Suzan Peter Mabuong is a weekly columnist with ‘The City Review’ on social impact. She is a PhD candidate in Organizational Leadership at Grand Canyon University. Having lived in Canada and the United States for more than two decades before returning to South Sudan, Suzan brings a unique perspective that goes beyond the surface to explore the real stories shaping the nation. You can reach Suzan at: beyondtheheadlines.ssd@gmail.com
